《红楼梦》话语标记语英译的识解对等研究

     在《<红楼梦>话语标记语英译的识解对等研究》一书中，作者祖利军以《红楼梦》前八十回的霍译本和杨译本为语料，对其中话语标记语的英译做详细研究，目的在于发现其中的翻译策略及这些策略背后的认知因素。 本书首次提出“识解对等”，把翻译策略研究引向更深入的认知层面，从而为翻译研究提供了一个全新的认识途径。

 

本研究在相关讨论的基础上，将《红楼梦》中话语标记语从语用功能方面划分为六类：引发评论、诱导推理、引证信息、引发话题、揭示事实和因果识别。为了解释这些功能的英译策略，本研究在批评借鉴传统翻译对等理论和兰艾克的识解理论的基础上，提出了“识解对等”这一假设。与传统翻译对等理论相比，该假设更突出认知在翻译中的作用，因而对翻译更具解释力。识解是人脑对同一概念内容所做的不同描述或表达。同样，译者也可以就同一概念内容做出不同的翻译。译文的差异可以通过视角、详略度、突显和背景等识解因素表达出来。研究发现，《红楼梦》话语标记语的翻译策略主要有变通、具体化、移位、直译、融合、结构平行、异化和归化。

Introduction
Hongloumeng1 is one of the canonical works in the history of Chinese literature. Zhou Ruchang once made this comment:
If you intend to know about the cultural characteristics of the Chinese nation, the best way, interesting and expedient, is to peruse Hongloumeng. It is a ‘cultural novel’ which is unprecedented and unique to the Chinese nation in the long history of China. It is a work that is the most representative of Chinese national culture.2
(2009:4-9) (the author’s translation)
Indeed, since the first publication of Hongloumeng in the Qing dynasty, numerous readers have been enchanted and infatuated by the charm and glamour of Cao Xueqin’s language. Scholars have paid special attention to it and tried to conduct research from various per-
1 According to Jiang Fan’s (2007: 20-23) research on the title translation of the novel, David Hawkes (1973-1980) translates it as The Story of the Stone while Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang (1978-1980) render it as A Dream of