中国宗教艺术-中国道教艺术（英）pdf/txt下载_在线阅读全文

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“中国宗教艺术”系列图文并茂，以大量精美图片，反映中国五大宗教艺术的起源、风格特征、艺术价值以及对世界文明的影响等诸多方面内容，向中外读者介绍中国宗教各方面的知识，使其更直观地了解中国宗教文化。

本书以图文并茂的形式介绍了中国佛教艺术的基本概况，包括：寺庙建筑、绘画、石窟雕塑等多种多样的艺术形式，反映了佛教传入中国以后，与中国文化艺术相融合的现象和面貌。同种类图书国内市场还不多见，富有新意。

Since being introduced to China 2,000 years ago, Buddhism has combined with traditional Chinese culture. This book, mainly photos illustrated by texts, gives a basic overview of the Buddhist arts in China, including temple building, paintings, Stone Caves, etc., hoping foreign readers come to understand current situation and various manifestations of Buddhism arts in China.

目　　录

PrefaceChapter One: The Palaces for Immortals – Architectural Arts of Daoist BuildingsChapter Two: The Party of Immortals – Colorful Daoist StatuesChapter Three: The Procession of the Immortals Paying Homage to the One – Splendid Daoist Wall Paintings and Water-land Service PaintingsChapter Four: The Dao Follows What is Naturally So – Remarkable Literati Paintings with Daoist Motifs and the Paintings by DaoistsChapter Five: Immortals’ Talent Show – The Tune of Heaven – Daoist MusicChapter Six: Daoist Literature

前　　言

PrefaceChinese Daoist Arts and Their Aesthetic ThoughtsDaoism came into existence at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25−220). Being the only indigenous religion of China, Daoism can be traced back to the ancient antiquity on account of its many beliefs and rituals.The earliest organized institution of Daoism began with the Way of Five Bushels of Rice initiated by Zhang Ling (Zhang Daoling) and the Way of Great Peace initiated by Zhang Jue (?−184). In the reign of the Eastern Han Emperor Shundi (115−144), Zhang Ling initiated the Way of Five Bushels of Rice in the Bashu area in present Sichuan Province. Zhang Ling (34−156) was a native of Fengyi (Present Fengxian, Jiangsu Province). He was a head of the Bashu area in the reign of Emperor Mingdi of the Han Dynasty. In the reign of Shundi, he was cultivating at Mt. Heming (Singing Crane). In 183, he composed twenty four Daoist treatises and consequently initiated a new Daoist tradition. Because every new convert must be tithed five bushels of rice, it was called the Way of Five Bushels of Rice. This tradition considered Laozi as its founder and venerated the Daodejing as its founding scripture. Because Zhang Ling was dicated to have the title of Celestial Master by the deified Laozi, the tradition is also called the Way of Celestial Master. The followers of this tradition all venerate Zhang Ling as Celestial Master Zhang.Another tradition prevalent at that time was the Taiping Dao (Way of Great Peace). It was a tradition initiated by Zhang Jue, Zhang Bao and Zhang Liang, the three brothers who led the Yellow Turban Uprising①.Daoism developed in the Jin and Yuan dynasties (1123−1368), the three traditions that emerged from the south, namely Maoshan, Longhu and Gezao, adopted a general name of Zhengyi Dao (the Way of Orthodox One), while in the north, Quanzhen Dao (the Way of Preserve the Original Nature) Tradition emerged, initiated by Wang Chongyang.From the Han Dynasty (206 BC−AD 220) through the Wei and Jin dynasties (220−420) to the Sui Dynasty (581−618), Daoism grew strong and mature and became one of the three pillars of thought in the traditional Chinese culture and society along with Confucianism and Buddhism. Along the way, it developed its own style of arts and cultural taste.What is Daoist art? This is a question open for different interpretations. The Daoist arts as we define in this book refer to the artistic works with evangelic motivation and the artistic works inspired by Daoist thoughts and imaginations.......

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Section Two: The Daoist Statues in the Sui and Tang DynastiesThe Daoist statues in the Sui Dynasty (581−618) were still greatly influenced by Buddhism, but their figures were more well-developed. The Sui Dynasty Daoist statues are mostly kept in Yaoxian Museum in Shaanxi Province. In addition, a bronze statue of Laozi cast by Kong Yue can be found at Bo’xing Museum in Shandong Province. This statue is possibly the first bronze statue of Laozi. At the time the statues are mostly half-circle sculpture and statue stele. The Tang Dynasty saw the maturity of the Daoist growth. Also because the royal Li family venerated Laozi as their ancestor, the temples dedicated to Laozi are widely located. Reportedly, there were 1687 temples dedicated to Laozi at the time.The Daoist statues in the Tang Dynasty increased a great deal both in number and in type. Besides, they basically stayed away from the Buddhist influence and cultivated their own styles. The Tang Dynasty Daoist statues are well-developed in figures, thin in clothes and flowing and lively in lines. The sculptors imbued the works with their own sense of beauty and expressed what is beautiful and good in the works. They also sculpted their works on the basis of the different functions and characters of the divine beings and immortal beings so much as that sculptural works have both realistic and sentimental touches.The Statue of Laozi from the Tang Dynasty is preserved today in the greatest number. The style and image of Laozi followed a basic pattern throughout the land. Reportedly, Emperor Xuanzong ordered Yuanjia’er, a foreign sculptor to make a statue of Laozi according to his regal appearance and had it copied throughout the country. The most famous Tang Dynasty statue of Laozi is the Statue of Laozi kept at the Beiling Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, the Statue of Changyang Celestial Worthy at the Shanxi Provincial Museum, the Statue of Laozi at Shanghai Museum and the Statue of Laozi at Ruicheng Museum in Shanxi Province. Besides the statues of Laozi, the Tang Dynasty statues that remain today include those of celestial worthies, three legendary emperors, Jade Emperor, star deities and Zhenwu.

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中国宗教艺术-中国道教艺术（英）

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