新东方 托福考试冲刺试题(附MP3)

　　★ 7套完整全真冲刺试题，约700道经典测试题目，充分体现托福考试的**特色。
　　★ 解析精练准确，帮助考生短时高效备考，有的放矢。
　　★ 特设进度表格，方便考生自我监督学习进度。
　　★ 随书配有400分钟录音光盘一张，语境逼真，契合真实考场情景。
　　★ 可配合广受考生赞誉的《托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》一书使用。
　　★ 既可作为自学参考书，也可作为听、说、读、写课程的补充教材。
 

　　本书结合托福考试的*趋势，全面介绍了托福考试各部分的考试内容和形式；提供7套完整的全真冲刺试题，包含700道经典测试题目，充分体现托福考试的*特色；文章题材、出题角度、考题类型以及话题内容等与实际考试一致，指导性强；解析精练准确，帮助考生短时高效备考，有的放矢；特设进度表格，方便考生自我监督学习进度。随书配有400分钟录音光盘一张，包含本书听力、口语、写作部分所有音频。

　　Nancy Gallagher：美国资料教育专家，有20余年英语教学与教材编写经验，著有《新托福考试核心语法》、《托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》、《托福考试冲刺试题》等畅销的托福备考书籍，深受考生欢迎。

　　Until the nineteenth century, most tall buildings were constructed of load-bearingmasonry walls. Masonry walls had to be thick, particularly at the base, to support abuilding's great weight. Stoneworkers built these walls by placing stone upon stone orbrick upon brick, adding strength and stability by placing layers of mortar or cementbetween the stones. Floors and roofs had to be supported by wooden beams, but the majorvertical force of buildings was supported by thick masonry walls. This imposed seriouslimitations on the number and size of windows.
　　In the 1850s, an alternative was emerging that would eliminate the need for exteriorweight-bearing walls: a three-dimensional grid of metal beams and columns. Theintroduction of metal construction made it possible to build larger interior spaces withfewer columns than before. The new construction was capable of supporting all the loadsto which a building might be subjected, including the vertical forces caused by the weightof the floors and the horizontal forces caused by the wind or earthquakes.
　　The first buildings to depart from the load-bearing wall tradition were iron-framed.Wrought iron, shaped by hammering the heated metal or rolling it under extreme pressure,contains almost no carbon, and when used as floor beams, it can support a great deal ofweight. An interior wrought iron skeleton supported all of the building's weight. Exteriorwalls of reinforced concrete acted mainly as weatherproofing. As masonry yielded toconcrete, walls that once bore weight evolved into thin curtain walls that would allowmore windows. These modifications produced sturdier, lighter, and taller buildings thatquickly became known as skyscrapers. Skyscrapers satisfied the growing need for officespace, warehouses, and department stores. Buildings of eight or more stories quicklytransformed the city skyline and dominated the central business districts of American citiessuch as New York, Chicago, and St. Louis.
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