中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲及真题精解（2005—2014年）

　　《硕士博士研究生英语考试系列丛书:中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲及真题精解(2005-2014年)》由于华主编，北京理工大学出版社出版。
 

本书包括中国科学院大学博士入学考试真题、精解及大纲、样题。编者都是中科院大学的一线教师，多年从事相关教学及辅导工作，经验丰富，水平高，答案解析语言到位，体现了出题思路和解题思路及应试技巧，对考生有很好的借鉴作用。

　　于华，语言学硕士，中科院研究生院外语系英语教师，具有多年的硕士英语、博士英语以及考博英语的教学经验，主编：《中国科学院博士研究生招生入学英语考试大纲及真题详解（2004-2006)），《 中国科学院博士研究生招生入学英语考试大纲及真题详解（2005-2007），《中国科学院研究生院研究生综合英语捷进教程》

Many people go to the Louvre in Paris to see only one painting.They ignore other splendid works by Leonardo that are hung nearby.____71____But it is ignored in favor of the smiling figure of Mona Lisa set behind bullet—proof glass and protected constantly by a guard and a heavy railing.____72____
What lies behind the intrigue of the Mona Lisa？ The principal explanation for its particular appeal must lie in the mystery conveyed by the ambiguous smile which allows everyone to find something special for themselves in the obscure，smoky image.
Let's look at the painting itself.The figure is simple.Mona Lisa tums to her left in her chair to look at the viewer with that smile，a smile that 16th—century art historian and biographer Giorgio Vasari said，"...was so pleasing it seems divine rather than real."Her pose is compact yet dynamic.Her hair is partly undone and falls in little curls.____73____A veil is caught up in her right arm and draped over her head and left shoulder.
Two features are special to this extraordinary portrait： the"sfumato"technique and the remarkable landscape.Leonardo worked the transitions of light and shade so subtly that everything blends without any hint of lines or borders.In the depiction of Mona Lisa's head，this skill in surface painting is supported by his knowledge of the skull beneath the skin—derived from his studies in anatomy.But it is her position on a balcony that gives this picture of a superbly mature woman a sense of cosmic drama.Beyond her and far below is an immense rocky landscape.____74____It is a landscape of the imagination but imagination based on years of study of rock formations.
____75____Leonardo has become the product of the collective imagination.His legend has been fuelled by the image of the bearded sage，inspired by his self—portrait drawing，now in Turin，and by the work"Lives of the Famous Painters and Sculptors"by Giorgio Vasari.
A.The legend of the Mona Lisa is closely tied to the legend of her creator，Leonardo da Vinci.
B.Her dress is very simple and she wears no jewellery.
C.Over the next 16 years，Leonardo worked and traveled throughout Italy for a number of employers.
D.An example is the"Virgin of the Rocks"which is the summation of Leonardo's studies in anatomy，botany，geology as well as being superbly painted.
E.No other painting in the immense galleries of the Louvre gets this treatment.
F.The landscape is divided and unsteady which makes it like a dream.