语言涌现视角下的英语冠词二语习得研究pdf/txt下载_在线阅读全文

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《Second Language Acquisition of English Articles:An Emergentist Perspective（语言涌现视角下的英语冠词二语习得研究）》旨在探讨英语冠词语义特征和相关的语境因素如何交互作用并影响英语冠词二语习得。作者从语言涌现论角度出发，提出英语冠词习得过程是一个复杂适应系统，由含有众多因素和主体的子系统组成，冠词习得是各类主客体因素相互影响和共同作用的结果。研究主要关注语义子系统和语境子系统在不同层面的交互作用及其对二语学习者冠词习得的影响，揭示了英语冠词替代型误用产生的原因，对英语冠词教学具有一定的现实意义。《Second Language Acquisition of English Articles:An Emergentist Perspective（语言涌现视角下的英语冠词二语习得研究）》首次在涌现论框架下研究英语冠词二语习得，为涌现理论在语言和语言习得领域的应用提供了实证基础，有利于促进语言涌现理论的进一步发展。

目　　录

Contents
序
前言
Abstractv
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Goals of research
1.2 Research background
1.3 Key research questions
1.4 Organization of the book
Chapter 2 Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis of English Articles:An Overview
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Semantic analysis of English articles
2.2.1 Definiteness and English articles

Contents 序 前言 Abstractv Acknowledgements Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Goals of research 1.2 Research background 1.3 Key research questions 1.4 Organization of the book Chapter 2 Semantic and Pragmatic Analysis of English Articles:An Overview 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Semantic analysis of English articles 2.2.1 Definiteness and English articles 2.2.2 Specificity and English articles 2.2.3 Semantic complexity of English articles 2.3 Pragmatic analysis of English articles 2.3.1 The context-driven nature of semantic features 2.3.2 P-sets(Hawkins,1978,1991) 2.3.3 Relationship between semantic features and contextual factors 2.4 Summary Chapter 3 L1 and L2 Acquisition of English Articles:A Critical Review 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Tasks facilitating the acquisition of English articles 3.3 L1 developmental studies 3.3.1 Maratsos's(1976)egocentricity account 3.3.2 Wexler's Lack of Maximality Presupposition account 3.3.3 The specific/non-specific effect account 3.4 Studies of L2-English article acquisition 3.4.1 Semantic Wheel and the classification of NP types 3.4.2 L2 article acquisition studies under the Bickertonian framework 3.4.3 Jarvis's(2002)study from a discourse perspective 3.4.4 Fluctuation Hypothesis and Syntactic Misanalysis Account 3.5 Comments on previous research 3.6 Summary Chapter 4 Interaction and L2-English Article Acquisition:Questions and Hypotheses 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Interaction under the emergentist framework 4.2.1 Emergentism in SLA 4.2.2 Interaction:importance and ignorance 4.2.3 Outlining the interactions to be studied 4.3 Exploring interaction in detail 4.3.1 Interaction of different semantic features 4.3.2 Interaction of different contextual factors 4.3.3 Interaction of semantic features with contextual factors 4.4 Research questions and hypotheses 4.5 Summary Chapter 5 Study 1:Elicited Production 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Predictions 5.3 Methodology 5.3.1 Participants 5.3.2 Materials and procedures 5.3.3 Data coding procedures 5.4 Results 5.4.1 The forced elicitation task 5.4.2 The written interview 5.5 Discussion 5.5.1 The role of specificity in L2 article choices 5.5.2 Different effects of contextual factors 5.5.3 Interaction of semantic features with contextual factors 5.6 Summary Chapter 6 Study 2:Acceptability Judgment 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Background and predictions 6.2.1 Background 6.2.2 Predictions about uniqueness 6.2.3 Predictions about hearer knowledge 6.2.4 Predictions about specificity 6.3 Methodology 6.3.1 Participants 6.3.2 Task and materials 6.3.3 Procedure 6.4 Results 6.4.1 Computing uniqueness 6.4.2 Uniqueness vs.existence 6.4.3 Hearer knowledge 6.4.4 Specific vs.non-specific 6.5 Discussion 6.5.1 The asymmetry of performance in different contexts 6.5.2 The influence of partitivity 6.5.3 Influence of specificity in article comprehension 6.5.4 Semantic knowledge contributes to context sensitivity 6.6 Summary Chapter 7 General Discussion and Conclusions 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Major findings 7.3 General discussion 7.3.1 Effects of specificity and partitivity on L2 learners' knowledge of definiteness 7.3.2 Factors influencing L2 learners' context-sensitivity 7.3.3 Interaction of semantic features with contextual factors 7.4 Conclusions 7.4.1 The Interaction Account:a summary of the study 7.4.2 Implications of the present study 7.4.3 Limitations and suggestions for further research 7.5 Summary References Appendixes Appendix A Article-choice Test(Version 1) Appendix B Article-choice Test(Version 2) Appendix C The Answer Sheet of Article-choice Test Appendix D The Consent Form for Study 2 Appendix E Test Items of Study 2 Appendix F L2 Learners' Mean Rating of Items in Study 2 Appendix G Native Speakers' Mean Rating of Items in Study 2 List of Tables 2.1 Semantic complexity of English articles 3.1 The classification of NP types under the Semantic Wheel Model 3.2 Predicted article choices in L2-English(the Fluctuation Hypothesis) 3.3 Predicted article choices in L2-English(based on the Fluctuation Hypothesis) 3.4 Predicted article choices in L2-English(Trenkic's view) 5.1 Predicted article choices in L2-English(the present study) 5.2 Biodata of participants of Study 1 5.3 Reason types and examples 5.4 Native speaker results for Test Version 1(N=7) 5.5 Native speaker results for Test Version 2(N=7) 5.6 L2-learner results for Test Version 1(N=27) 5.7 L2-learner results for Test Version 2(N=28) 5.8 Article choices in [+definite,+spec,-ESK] contexts 5.9 Descriptive data of a-overuse in [+definite,+spec,-ESK] contexts 5.10 Reasons provided by L2 learners and native speakers 5.11 First mention as reasons provided for L2 article choices 6.1 Biodata of the participants of Study 2 6.2 Features of each category 6.3 Mean ratings by category(1=unacceptable,4=acceptable) 6.4 Mean ratings of Categories 1 and 6(with or without hearer knowledge) 6.5 Mean ratings in Categories 6 and 7 6.6 Low proficiency L2 learners' mean rating in Categories 6 and 7 7.1 The distinction of the and a(Translated from Zhang,2007:67) List of Figures 3.1 Article grouping cross-linguistically(Two articles) 5.1 Difference of a-overuse between L2 learners and native speakers in [+definite,+spec,-ESK] context(Version 1) 5.2 Difference of a-overuse between L2 learners taking version 1 and version 2 in [+definite,+spec,-ESK] context(target:the) 5.3 Differences between L2 learners and native speakers concerning three major reasons 5.4 Categories of reasons provided by L2 learners and native speakers 5.5 Reasons provided for correct article choices 5.6 Reasons provided for substitution errors of English articles 5.7 Detailed results of reasons associated with definiteness 5.8 Detailed results of reasons associated with specificity 6.1 Comparing performance across Categories 1,2,and 3 6.2 Comparing performance across Categories 1 and 2 vs. 4 and 5 6.3 Comparing performance across Category 1 vs. 6

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Chapter 1 Introduction

Introduction

"Would you tell me,please,which way I ought to go from here?"

"That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,"said the Cat.

?Lewis Carroll,Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

1.1 Goals of research

The main goal of this book is to investigate whether and how interactions

of the semantic features of English articles and relevant

contextual factors influence L2-English article choices and acquisition.

In the present study,by interaction is meant that semantic features and

Chapter 1 Introduction 
 Introduction 
 "Would you tell me,please,which way I ought to go from here?" 
 "That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,"said the Cat. 
 ?Lewis Carroll,Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 
 1.1 Goals of research 
 The main goal of this book is to investigate whether and how interactions 
 of the semantic features of English articles and relevant 
 contextual factors influence L2-English article choices and acquisition. 
 In the present study,by interaction is meant that semantic features and 
 contextual factors work together and have effects upon one another 
 during the process of article choices and acquisition. 
 The specific research goals are two-fold.The first goal is to investigate 
 the relationship between the semantic features of English articles 
 and relevant contextual factors.Based on an exploration of the 
 existing body of literature,it is pointed out that the semantic features 
 of English articles and relevant contextual factors do not determine 
 E

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