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图文并茂包罗荆楚万象，是一部展现湖北风貌的中英双语书
资料书局来源权威可靠，是一本速览湖北省情的权威工具书
频频亮相各种*会议，是一张湖北招商引资的“国际名片”

该书初一出版，便亮相湖北省政府、国家发展改革委、外交部主办的2016中国中部国际产能合作大会。

内容简介

《湖北概览2016》中英双语版是湖北省地方志编纂委员会办公室编制，用简明扼要的语言，介绍湖北历史沿革与行政区划、自然条件、环境保护与生态建设、人口、民族与宗教、经济发展、文化、社会发展状况、名胜古迹与旅游资源等内容。

此书*特色是中英双语合成出版，全书英文在前中文在后，中英双语对照。专业的英文内容不仅能让读者学会用英语介绍湖北，还能成为读者工作和生活中与外国友人交流洽谈的绝佳读本。

全书既是一本指南手册，又是一本工具书。资源来源权威，数据详实可靠，所有资料都来源于湖北省地方志编纂委员会编辑出版的《湖北年鉴》和湖北省发展和改革委员会编著的《湖北省国民经济和社会发展报告（2015）》。图书精美小巧，方便携带和随时翻查。

这本书不仅有各种精美图片供读者欣赏，而且还包罗湖北政治、经济、文化、天文地理等各方面内容，为各界人士认识湖北、了解湖北、研究湖北、助力湖北提供参考借鉴，为湖北的对外开放、“一带一路”建设和“走出去”战略提供智力支持。

作者简介

湖北省地方志编纂委员会办公室（简称湖北省地方志办公室）是湖省政府负责全省地方志工作的工作机构。其职责为组织编纂《湖北省志》，领导、协调、督促省志各承编单位的编纂工作；组织编撰《湖北年鉴》；挖掘传统文化，开展地方志对外文化交流活动等。

目　　录

Contents
Historical Development and Administrative Divisions………001
●Historical Development…………………………………001
●Organization System Evolution…………………………005
●Administrative Divisions……………………………… 009
Natural Conditions………………………………………… 010
● Geography………………………………………………010
●Topography…………………………………………… 010
● Rivers Lakes………………………………………… 011
● Climate…………………………………………………012
● Plantsand Animals…………………………………… 013

Contents
Historical Development and Administrative Divisions………001
●
Historical Development…………………………………001
●
Organization System Evolution…………………………005
●
Administrative Divisions……………………………… 009
Natural Conditions………………………………………… 010
● Geography………………………………………………010
●
Topography…………………………………………… 010
● Rivers
& Lakes………………………………………… 011
● Climate…………………………………………………012
● Plants
and Animals…………………………………… 013
● Minerals………………………………………………… 013
● Water …………………………………………………… 014
● Land …………………………………………………… 014
Environmental Protection & Ecological Construction…… 015
● Summary……………………………………………… 015
● Water
Resource Protection……………………………… 016
● Water
Environment…………………………………… 017
● Air
Quality……………………………………………… 018
● Forestry
Ecological Environment………………………… 019
● Energy
Conservation, Emission Reduction and Circular Economy……………………………………………………  021
Population…………………………………………………… 024
● Total
Amount…………………………………………… 024
●
Demographic Structure…………………………………… 024
●
Educational Level………………………………………… 024
Ethnic Groups and Religions……………………………… 025
● Ethnic
Groups…………………………………………… 025
● Religions………………………………………………… 025
Economic Development…………………………………… 027
● Summary………………………………………………… 027
● Strategy
for Economic Development…………………… 029
● Overview
of Economic Development…………………… 033
● Fiscal
Revenue and Expenditure………………………… 036
● Finance…………………………………………………… 036
● Overview
of Agriculture………………………………… 037
● Overview
of Industry…………………………………… 039
● Overview
of Service Industry…………………………… 044
● Overview
of Infrastructure Construction………………… 046
● Foreign
Trade…………………………………………… 049
Culture……………………………………………………… 051
● Origin of
Culture………………………………………… 051
● Cultural
Celebrities……………………………………… 052
● Art……………………………………………………… 055
●
Construction of Public Cultural Service System………… 057
Social Development………………………………………… 059
● Science
and Technology………………………………… 059
● Education………………………………………………… 059
● Medical
Treatment, Public Health and Sports…………… 062
●
Employment……………………………………………… 064
● Income
Distribution……………………………………… 064
● Social
Security……………………………………………066
Historical Sites and Tourism Resources…………………… 068
●
Historical and Cultural Cities………………………… 068
● World
Culture Heritages………………………………… 071
● Sites of
Ancient Culture………………………………… 073
● Famous
Tourist Attractions……………………………… 078
Statistic Data………………………………………………… 082        
 
 
                      
目 录 
历史沿革与行政区划……………………………………… 111
历史发展…………………………………………………… 111
建制沿革…………………………………………………… 114
行政区划…………………………………………………… 117
自然条件……………………………………………………118
地理位置与面积…………………………………………… 118
地势地貌…………………………………………………… 118
河流与湖泊………………………………………………… 119
气 候……………………………………………………… 120
植物及动物资源…………………………………………… 120
地质矿产资源……………………………………………… 121
水资源…………………………………………………… 122
土地资源…………………………………………………… 122
环境保护与生态建设……………………………………… 123
综述………………………………………………………… 123
水资源保护………………………………………………… 124
水环境……………………………………………………… 125
空气环境…………………………………………………… 126
林业生态环境……………………………………………… 127
节能减排与循环经济……………………………………… 129
人口………………………………………………………… 131
人口总量…………………………………………………… 131
人口结构…………………………………………………… 131
人口受教育程度…………………………………………… 131
民族与宗教………………………………………………… 133
民 族……………………………………………………… 133
宗 教……………………………………………………… 133
经济发展…………………………………………………… 135
综述………………………………………………………… 135
经济发展战略……………………………………………… 136
经济发展概况……………………………………………… 139
财政………………………………………………………… 142
金融………………………………………………………… 143
农业概况…………………………………………………… 143
工业概况…………………………………………………… 145
服务业概况………………………………………………… 149
基础设施建设概况………………………………………… 151
对外经济…………………………………………………… 154
文化………………………………………………………… 156
文化源流…………………………………………………… 156
文化名人…………………………………………………… 157
艺术………………………………………………………… 159
公共文化服务体系建设…………………………………… 161
社会发展状况……………………………………………… 163
科学技术…………………………………………………… 163
教 育………………………………………………………… 163
医疗卫生与体育…………………………………………… 166
就 业………………………………………………………… 167
收入分配…………………………………………………… 168
社会保障…………………………………………………… 169
名胜古迹与旅游资源……………………………………… 171
历史文化名城……………………………………………… 171
世界文化遗产……………………………………………… 173
古文化遗址………………………………………………… 175
著名旅游景区……………………………………………… 179
统计数据…………………………………………………… 183

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在线试读部分章节

EconomicDevelopment
Summary
Located at the core of central China,surrounding the middle stretch of the
YangtzeRiver and north of Dongting Lake, Hubei Province has a terrain that is
higherin the east and lower in the west, a large variety of landforms, numerous
mountainareas, unbroken hilly down lands, vast expanses of fertile land in the
JianghanPlain and scattered rivers and lakes, which contribute to its rich mineral,
agriculturaland water resources. Situated in the subtropical monsoon zone, it enjoys a
soundclimate that benefits all kinds of crops and the comprehensive development of
agriculture.As one of China’s major production areas of grain, cotton and oil, Hubei
Provincehas been crowned A Province of Thousands of Lakes and A Land Flowing
withMilk and Honey since ancient times. The Yangtze River, the “Golden Waterway,”
actsas the main artery of transportation, connecting the southwest, the central and
eastChina, and endowing its capital Wuhan with the name, The Thoroughfare of
NineProvinces. The favorable geological conditions provide a favorable environment
forthe development of the province’s industry, agriculture and the nationaleconomy
atlarge.
People have settled themselves on this landfor thousands of years. Large-scale
miningand smelting industries emerged as early as 3000 years ago. Hubei Province

Economic
Development
                   Summary
  Located at the core of central China,
surrounding the middle stretch of the
Yangtze
River and north of Dongting Lake, Hubei Province has a terrain that is
higher
in the east and lower in the west, a large variety of landforms, numerous
mountain
areas, unbroken hilly down lands, vast expanses of fertile land in the
Jianghan
Plain and scattered rivers and lakes, which contribute to its rich mineral,
agricultural
and water resources. Situated in the subtropical monsoon zone, it enjoys a
sound
climate that benefits all kinds of crops and the comprehensive development of
agriculture.
As one of China’s major production areas of grain, cotton and oil, Hubei
Province
has been crowned A Province of Thousands of Lakes and A Land Flowing
with
Milk and Honey since ancient times. The Yangtze River, the “Golden Waterway,”
acts
as the main artery of transportation, connecting the southwest, the central and
east
China, and endowing its capital Wuhan with the name, The Thoroughfare of
Nine
Provinces. The favorable geological conditions provide a favorable environment
for
the development of the province’s industry, agriculture and the national
economy
at
large.
  People have settled themselves on this land
for thousands of years. Large-scale
mining
and smelting industries emerged as early as 3000 years ago. Hubei Province
has
evolved from a feudal economy to a semi-colony and semi-feudal economy, from
conventional
hand labor to machinery production, and from a natural economy to a
commodity
economy.
  Government running industry started from the
end of the late Qing Dynasty,
including
Hanyang Iron Works (the first steel enterprise in modern China), Hubei
Firearms
Factory (the first and largest specialized arsenal in modern China) and
Hubei
Weaving Factory (the largest one), with each continuing to represent the
industry
and transportation system in modern times. After the Revolution of 1911,
Hubei’s
national industry and commerce enjoyed rapid development, with some
government
running industries shifting to civilian-run, including a series of
industriesrepresented by Hanyeping (the largest joint steel works at the
beginning of the 20th
century),
Yangtze Machine Factory and other nationally noted enterprises.
  The Province
has enjoyed rapid progress in economic development since
the
foundation of the P.R.C. During the first Five-year Plan period, 3 of the 156
industrial
projects receiving the assistance from the Soviet Union (Wuhan Iron
and
Steel Company, Wuhan Power Tool Plant and the first-phase program of
Qingshan
Thermal Power Plant) were appointed in Wuhan by the government. Soon
afterwards,
Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, Wuhan Meat Processing Factory, Wuchang
Shipyard,
Wuhan Boiler Factory and Smelting Plant of Daye Non-ferrous Metals
Company
and other major projects were appointed, which played a key role in the
economic
construction and development of the province.
  Great
achievements have been made in the economic and social development of
Hubei
Province since the “Reform and Opening Up”: a surge in economic strength,
advancement
in productivity, rise in economic aggregate, upgrade in economic fabric,
increased
opening up, progress in social undertakings and great improvement in
people’s
livelihood. Hubei Province boasts a ring economic status in the country and
has
greatly enhanced comprehensive strength in regional development.
  A steady
momentum has been sustained in the economic development of the
province,
with a speed higher than the country’s and central China’s average. In 2014,
Hubei
Province accomplished a gross value of production of 2736.704 billion RMB,
a
growth of 9.7% from 2013, No. 7 in the country and No. 1 in central China. The
major
economic indicators are superior to the country’s average, setting precedence
for
other Chinese provinces. Hubei Province enjoys a solid foundation in
agriculture,
specifically
with regards to commodity price and employment. The grain output
has
achieved growth for 11 years in a row, increasing by 830 million kilograms. The
output
of agricultural processing has a value of 1.2 trillion RMB, ranking No.5 in the
country.
The CPI was 2.0%. Another 819 thousand people got jobs, marking a new
provincial
record.
  Hubei
Province is now in the middle and later stage of industrialization, with
great
potential for sustained development. The Province is making endeavors to
sustain
a steady and rapid economic growth, accelerate the upgrade of industrial
mix,
speed up agriculture modernization, pursue the strategic regime featuring one
goal
and multi-leveled strategies , further the reform and opening up, reinforce the construction of
ecological civilization, safeguard and improve people’s livelihood,
accelerate the construction
of “Five-feature Hubei” (prosperous,
innovative, civilized
and wealth Hubei under the
rule of law), so as to accomplish the ambitious goal of
building up Hubei Province as
a leader in sustainable development.
                    经济发展
                     综　述
 
湖北省地处华中腹地，长江中游，洞庭湖以北。地势东高西
低，地貌变化万千，山区众多层峦叠嶂，丘陵岗地连绵起伏，江
汉平原沃野千里，江河湖泊星罗棋布。地矿、农业、水能资源丰
富。湖北位于典型的亚热带季风区内，气候条件良好，适合各种
农作物生长和农业的全面发展，是中国重要粮棉油产区，自古以
来就被冠以“千湖之省”“鱼米之乡”的美称。被誉为“黄金水
道”的长江贯通中部，是连接西南、华中、华东的交通运输大动
脉，省会武汉素有“九省通衢”之称。良好的地理条件为湖北农
业、工业以至整个国民经济的发展提供了优越的环境。
 
湖北历史悠久，数千年来，人们在这块土地上繁衍生息，经
济社会不断发展。早在3000 多年前，湖北地区已有大规模的采
矿业和冶炼业。近代以来，湖北经济发展沿着从封建经济向半殖
民地半封建经济、从传统的手工劳动向机器生产、从自然经济向
商品经济的方向演变。晚清末期湖北官办工业起步，创办了汉阳
铁厂（中国第一家近代钢铁企业）、湖北枪炮厂（全国第一家规
模最大的近代专业兵工厂）和湖北织布官局（国内最大的织布厂）
为代表的近代工业。辛亥革命以后，湖北民族工商业发展较快，
官办工业转为民办，涌现出以汉冶萍（20 世纪初中国最大的钢
铁联合企业）、扬子机器厂等全国著名企业为代表的一批工业。
新中国成立后，湖北经济建设发展迅速。“一五”时期，国家把苏联援建的156 项工业建设项目中的3 项即武汉钢铁公司、武汉重型机床厂、青山热电厂一期工程安排在武汉，随后又安排武汉长江大桥、武汉肉类联合加工厂、武昌造船厂、武汉锅炉厂以及大冶有色金属公司冶炼厂等重点项目投资，对湖北经济建设发展起到了至关重要的作用。
 
改革开放新时期，湖北经济社会发展取得了重要成就：经济
实力显著增强，生产力水平不断提高，经济总量不断攀升，经济
结构不断优化，对外开放水平不断提高， 社会事业全面进步，人
民生活水平显著改善。湖北在全国的经济地位不断攀升，在区域
发展中的综合实力显著提升。近年来，湖北省经济发展保持“稳
中有进、进中向好”的良好态势，延续了“高于全国、中部靠前”
的发展势头。2014 年全省完成生产总值27367.04 亿元，增长9.7%，增速居全国第七位、中部第一位。主要经济指标均高于和好于全国平均水平，增速在全国位次前移。农业基础稳固，物价和就业保持稳定。粮食产量实现“十一连增”，增产16.6 亿斤，农产品加工产值超过1.2 万亿元，位居全国第五；居民消费价格涨幅2.0%；城镇新增就业81.9 万人，创历史新高。
 
当前的湖北省正处于工业化中后期阶段，经济发展潜力巨大。在新常态下，湖北正在努力保持经济平稳较快增长，加快推进产业结构优化升级，加快推进农业现代化，深入实施“一元多层次”战略体系，进一步加大改革开放力度，加强生态文明建设，更大力度保障和改善民生，加快“五个湖北”建设，实现“建成
支点、走在前列”的宏伟目标。

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