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　　《红字》美国浪漫主义文学经典
　　心理分析小说的鼻祖
　　美国中学规定学生必读十本名著之一
　　**的文学经典读物 *好的语言学习读本

内容简介

　　《红字》是19世纪美国浪漫主义作家霍桑的长篇小说，发表于1850年。小说以两百多年前的殖民地时代的美洲为题材，但揭露的却是19世纪资本主义发展时代美利坚合众国社会典法的残酷、宗教的欺骗和道德的虚伪。主人公海丝特被写成了崇高道德的化身。她不但感化了表里不一的丁梅斯代尔，同时也在感化着充满罪恶的社会。小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。因此，它不仅是美国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作是美国心理分析小说的开创篇。

作者简介

　　纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne，1804—1864），美国19世纪影响*的浪漫主义小说家，美国心理分析小说的开创者。爱伦?坡称他的小说“属于艺术的最高层次，一种唯有*别的天才方能驾驭的艺术”。霍桑对美国文学史上一批卓有成就的作家，诸如海明威、菲茨杰拉德、福克纳等，都产生过深远影响。

目　　录

CHAPTER 1
THE PRISON-DOOR
CHAPTER 2
THE MARKET-PLACE
CHAPTER 3
THE RECOGNITION
CHAPTER 4
THE INTERVIEW
CHAPTER 5
HESTER AT HER NEEDLE
CHAPTER 6
PEARL
CHAPTER 7
THE GOVERNOR'S HALL

CHAPTER 1 
THE PRISON-DOOR 
CHAPTER 2 
THE MARKET-PLACE 
CHAPTER 3 
THE RECOGNITION 
CHAPTER 4 
THE INTERVIEW 
CHAPTER 5 
HESTER AT HER NEEDLE 
CHAPTER 6 
PEARL 
CHAPTER 7 
THE GOVERNOR'S HALL 
CHAPTER 8 
THE ELF-CHILD AND THE MINISTER 
CHAPTER 9 
THE LEECH 
CHAPTER 10 
THE LEECH AND HIS PATIENT 
CHAPTER 11 
THE INTERIOR OF A HEART 
CHAPTER 12 
THE MINISTER'S VIGIL 
CHAPTER 13 
ANOTHER VIEW OF HESTER 
CHAPTER 14 
HESTER AND THE PHYSICIAN 
CHAPTER 15 
HESTER AND PEARL 
CHAPTER 16 
A FOREST WALK 
CHAPTER 17 
THE PASTOR AND HIS PARISHIONER 
CHAPTER 18 
A FLOOD OF SUNSHINE 
CHAPTER 19 
THE CHILD AT THE BROOK-SIDE 
CHAPTER 20 
THE MINISTER IN A MAZE 
CHAPTER 21 
THE NEW ENGLAND HOLIDAY 
CHAPTER 22 
THE PROCESSION 
CHAPTER 23 
THE REVELATION OF THE SCARLET LETTER 
CHAPTER 24 
CONCLUSION

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　　Most of the spectators testified to having seen, on the breastof the unhappy minister, a SCARLET LETTER—the very semblance ofthat worn by Hester Prynne—imprinted in the flesh. As regarded itsorigin there were various explanations, all of which mustnecessarily have been conjectural. Some affirmed that the ReverendMr. Dimmesdale, on the very day when Hester Prynne first wore herignominious badge, had begun a course of penance—which heafterwards, in so many futile methods, followed out—by inflicting ahideous torture on himself. Others contended that the stigma hadnot been produced until a long time subsequent, when old RogerChillingworth, being a potent necromancer, had caused it to appear,through the agency of magic and poisonous drugs. Others, again andthose best able to appreciate the minister's peculiar sensibility,and the wonderful operation of his spirit upon the body—whisperedtheir belief, that the awful symbol was the effect of theever-active tooth of remorse, gnawing from the inmost heartoutwardly, and at last manifesting Heaven's dreadful judgment bythe visible presence of the letter. The reader may choose amongthese theories. We have thrown all the light we could acquire uponthe portent, and would gladly, now that it has done its office,erase its deep print out of our own brain, where long meditationhas fixed it in very undesirable distinctness.

Most of the spectators testified to having seen, on the breast
of the unhappy minister, a SCARLET LETTER—the very semblance of
that worn by Hester Prynne—imprinted in the flesh. As regarded its
origin there were various explanations, all of which must
necessarily have been conjectural. Some affirmed that the Reverend
Mr. Dimmesdale, on the very day when Hester Prynne first wore her
ignominious badge, had begun a course of penance—which he
afterwards, in so many futile methods, followed out—by inflicting a
hideous torture on himself. Others contended that the stigma had
not been produced until a long time subsequent, when old Roger
Chillingworth, being a potent necromancer, had caused it to appear,
through the agency of magic and poisonous drugs. Others, again and
those best able to appreciate the minister's peculiar sensibility,
and the wonderful operation of his spirit upon the body—whispered
their belief, that the awful symbol was the effect of the
ever-active tooth of remorse, gnawing from the inmost heart
outwardly, and at last manifesting Heaven's dreadful judgment by
the visible presence of the letter. The reader may choose among
these theories. We have thrown all the light we could acquire upon
the portent, and would gladly, now that it has done its office,
erase its deep print out of our own brain, where long meditation
has fixed it in very undesirable distinctness. 
　　It is singular, nevertheless, that certain persons, who were
spectators of the whole scene, and professed never once to have
removed their eyes from the Reverend Mr. Dimmesdale, denied that
there was any mark whatever on his breast, more than on a new-born
infant's. Neither, by their report, had his dying words
acknowledged, nor even remotely implied, any—the
slightest—connexion on his part, with the guilt for which Hester
Prynne had so long worn the scarlet letter. According to these
highly-respectable witnesses, the minister, conscious that he was
dying—conscious, also, that the reverence of the multitude placed
him already among saints and angels—had desired, by yielding up his
breath in the arms of that fallen woman, to express to the world
how utterly nugatory is the choicest of man's own righteousness.
After exhausting life in his efforts for mankind's spiritual good,
he had made the manner of his death a parable, in order to impress
on his admirers the mighty and mournful lesson, that, in the view
of Infinite Purity, we are sinners all alike. It was to teach them,
that the holiest amongst us has but attained so far above his
fellows as to discern more clearly the Mercy which looks down, and
repudiate more utterly the phantom of human merit, which would look
aspiringly upward. Without disputing a truth so momentous, we must
be allowed to consider this version of Mr. Dimmesdale's story as
only an instance of that stubborn fidelity with which a man's
friends—and especially a clergyman's—will sometimes uphold his
character, when proofs, clear as the mid-day sunshine on the
scarlet letter, establish him a false and sin-stained creature of
the dust.
 　　……

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