《2014考研英语读真题记单词》新航道英语学习丛书pdf/txt下载_在线阅读全文

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　　涵盖**考研英语文章
　　精准定位考研重点词汇
　　快速扩大相关词汇积累
　　加强考生真题驾驭能力

内容简介

　　《新航道·2014考研英语读真题记单词》涵盖了2013-2000年的考研英语真题，将完形填空、阅读理解以及英译汉部分的历年真题文章按照考试题型进行分类，精选文章中的重点难点词汇予以注释，词条注释精准、重点突出。每个词条的第一义项对应真题语境中的含义，随后是常用义项。另外，还根据不同词汇的特点，对核心词汇进行了全面扩充，囊括了同义词、反义词、同根词及词组等，方便考生通过联想扩大词汇量。再次，书中的所有真题文章都附有参考译文，一方面帮助大家理解记忆，另一方面也可以在背单词的同时学习一些翻译技巧。如能有效利用本书，一定能够帮助考生一举攻克考研词汇。

作者简介

　胡敏教授，著名教育专家、新航道国际教育集团总裁兼校长、留英学者，曾任国际关系学院英语系副主任、硕士生导师。2004年创办新航道，他不仅是中国雅思培训产业化的开创者，同时，也是中国托福培训一代宗师和考研英语培训的领路人。

　卢琳美国康奈尔大学人力资源管理学硕士，本科毕业于北京外国语大学英语学院。合著有《*国际英语口语词典》和《考研英语词汇21天速听速记》，翻译了《读故事记单词初中英语词汇》和《读故事记单词考研英语词汇》。　　　　　　　

　 李立新 英语副教授，北京外国语大学英语语言文学硕士。从事大学英语教学24年，讲授四级、六级、考研、雅思等课程。翻译、编著作品十余部。

目　　录

Chapter 1 Use of English
2013 外界因素对个人判断的影响
2012 道德，政治与法律
2011 笑能改善心情
Chapter 2 Reading Comprehension / Part A
2013 Text 1 对“快时尚”的批判
2013 Text 2 “无痕浏览”的全面实施无法得到保证
2013 Text 3 乐观看待人类的未来
Chapter 3 Reading Comprehension / Part B
2013 社会科学界需扩大其影响力
2012 电脑对人类文明的影响
2011 美国大学学科的非专业化
Chapter 4 Reading Comprehension / Part C
2013“花园”存在的意义

在线试读部分章节

　　对“快时尚”的批判
　　In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, MirandaPriestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistantfor imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestlyexplains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweaterdescended over the years from fashion shows to department storesand to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found hergarment.
　　This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be moreout of date or at odds with the feverish world described inOverdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fastfashion.” In the last decade or so, advances in technology haveallowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H M, and Uniqlo toreact to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequentreleases, and more profit. These labels encourage style-consciousconsumers to see clothes as disposable — meant to last only a washor two, although they don’t advertise that — and to renew theirwardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheapprices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles,shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
　　The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited todesigners. For H M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wageoverseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, anduse massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
　　Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activistbestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.“Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need,yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, shefinds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year — about 64 items perperson — and no matter how much they give away, this excess leadsto waste.
　　Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, aBrooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has madeall of her own clothes — and beautifully. But as Cline is the firstto note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her examplecan’t be knocked off.

对“快时尚”的批判 
　　In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda
Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant
for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly
explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater
descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores
and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her
garment. 
　　This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more
out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in
Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast
fashion.” In the last decade or so, advances in technology have
allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to
react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.
Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent
releases, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious
consumers to see clothes as disposable — meant to last only a wash
or two, although they don’t advertise that — and to renew their
wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap
prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles,
shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. 
　　The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to
designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its
2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage
overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and
use massive amounts of harmful chemicals. 
　　Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist
bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.
“Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need,
yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she
finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year — about 64 items per
person — and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads
to waste. 
　　Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a
Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made
all of her own clothes — and beautifully. But as Cline is the first
to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example
can’t be knocked off. 
　　Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb
their impact on labor and the environment — including H&M, with
its green Conscious Collection line — Cline believes lasting change
can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism
common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in
energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more
sustainably when they can’t afford not to. 
　　文章词汇注释 
　　第1段 
　　descend [di?send] v. ①下来，下去，下降 ②（指财产、气质、权利）由父传子，从某人处继承，传下，遗传
③（指夜、黑暗）降临 
　　［同义］go down, drop, fall, subside, plummet, plunge, slump 
　　［反义］ascend, climb 
　　［同根］descendant [di?send?nt] n. 后代，后裔 
　　garment [?gɑ:m?nt] n. ①（一件）衣服 ②覆盖 
　　［同义］item of clothing, costume, outfit, clothes 
　　第2段 
　　top-down [?t?p'daun] a.自上而下的，从整体到细节的 
　　indictment [in'daitm?nt] n. 起诉，起诉状，控告 
　　［同义］charge, accusation, allegation, imputation 
　　［反义］acquittal 
　　disposable [dis'p?uz?bl] a. ①用完即可丢弃的，一次性的 ②可动用的 
　　［同义］throwaway, expendable, non-returnable 
　　［同根］dispose [dis'p?uz] v. ①安排，编排 ②使（某人）愿意做某事 ③去除，处理，舍弃 
　　wardrobe ['w?:dr?ub] n. ①衣橱 ②（个人的）全部衣物 
　　dirt-cheap ['d?:t't?i:p] a.非常便宜的，毫无价值的，贱如粪土的 
　　hijack ['haid??k] v. 劫持 
　　［同根］hijacker ['haid??k?(r)] n. 劫持者，强盗 
　　第3段 
　　knit [nit] v. ①编织，针织②（使某物）连接或牢固地长在一起 
　　strain [strein] v. ①拉紧 ②竭力，用全力 ③因过度伸展或用力而损伤 ④竭力使（某物）超过极限 
　　第4段 
　　durable ['dju?r?bl] a. 持久的，耐久的 
　　［同义］long-lasting, hard-wearing, enduring, persisting, persistent,
abiding, constant 
　　［同根］durability ['dju?r?'bil?ti] n. 耐久度 
　　durables ['djur?blz] n. 耐用品 
　　第5段 
　　knock off 复制 
　　第6段 
　　curb [k?:b] v. ①抑制，约束 ②勒住（马） 
　　［同义］restrain, hold back, repress, suppress, control 
　　vanity ['v?niti] n. ①自负，虚荣，虚荣心 ②不满意的或无益的境况，无价值 
　　［同义］conceit, self-admiration, self-regard, egotism, pride,
haughtiness, imperiousness 
　　参考译文 
　　在2006年上映的电影版《穿普拉达的恶魔》中，米兰达·普瑞斯特利（梅丽尔·斯特里普饰演）怒斥了她毫无魅力可言的助理，觉得她对高端时尚不够敏感。普瑞斯特利提到她助理身上那件深蓝色的毛衣这么多年来是如何从时装展沉沦到百货店，再堕落至折价商品区的。而这个可怜的女孩正是从折价商品区毫不犹豫地挑走了这件衣服。

时尚界里这种自上而下的概念已成明日黄花，也与《过度着装》一书中所描述的狂热世界格格不入。伊丽莎白·克莱因历时三年创作了该书，她对“快时尚”这一策略深恶痛绝。在过去的十来年间，科技的进步促使像Zara、H&M和优衣库等这些大众品牌能够更快地对潮流做出反应，对需求做出更精准的预测。更迅速的转型意味着库存浪费更少、出货更频繁以及更多的利润。虽然这些时尚品牌从未这样宣扬，但它们会怂恿有时尚意识的消费者把服装看成一次性物品，让他们觉得衣服洗个一两次就没用了，并且每隔几周就应该更新下自己的衣橱。克莱因表示，这些品牌以超低价出售潮流物品，绑架了时尚圈，动摇了这个长久以来适应了季节节奏的行业。

当然，这一革命的受害者不仅仅是服装设计师。对于H&M来说，要想在其全球2300多家门店都供应一件价值5.95美元的针织迷你裙，这必将依赖于海外廉价劳动力以及让自然资源吃紧的大量订单。此外，它还会使用大量的有害化学物质。

在时尚界，《过度着装》正是对激进派消费者畅销书——迈克尔·波伦所著的《杂食动物的困惑》——最好的回应。克莱因坚称：“大批量生产的服装如同快餐，虽能果腹充饥，却无法持久，这就是一种浪费。”她发现美国人每年大概会消费200亿件服装，人均约购买64件。无论他们怎么转赠，多余的衣物都将导致浪费。

在《过度着装》的结尾，克莱因向我们介绍了她笔下的模范——一位来自布鲁克林的名叫莎拉·凯特·博蒙特的女士。自2008年以来，她所有的衣服都是由她亲手制作的，并且手艺精巧。虽然克莱因是第一个注意她的人，但博蒙特用了几十年时间来精进她的手艺。她的例子是无法复制的。

尽管有一些“快时尚”公司为削减它们对劳动力和环境的影响也做出了些许努力——包括H&M公司及其推出的“环保自觉行动”的系列服装，克莱因仍旧认为唯有消费者才能促成长久的改变。她推行了很多可持续性倡导者——无论是在食品行业还是在能源行业——再熟悉不过的理想主义。每个人都很虚荣，这很常见，但只有当消费者负担不起时，他们才会以更加持续的方式去购物。

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《2014考研英语读真题记单词》新航道英语学习丛书下载

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